Basumatary or Basumatari is a surname found among the Boro people of north-eastern India. Basumatary comes from the word Basumati-ároi, meaning Earth-folk. The members of the clan cannot bury their dead or erect a funeral pyre without paying a token amount to Mother Earth through Basumatarys . Basumatary is derived from the Hindu earth goddess Basumati( Bhudevi ), consort of Varaha( third incarnation of Vishnu). She is the mythical mother of Boro people .

The mythical dynasty of Boros, the Bhauma dynasty derived its name from Bhudevi/basumati. Bhauma dynasty was founded by mythical Bārā/Bara hari/Boro king Narakasura, the son of Baraha and Basumati. All Kamrupa kings drew their lineage from Narakasura and called themselves as Baraha-pati(king of Boros).